![]() A compound consists of atoms of two or more elements combined in a small, whole-number ratio. Atoms of one element differ in properties from atoms of all other elements. The word ‘atom’ actually comes from Ancient Greek and roughly translates as. The atom is the basic particle of the chemical elements.An atom consists of a nucleus of protons and generally neutrons, surrounded by an electromagnetically bound swarm of electrons.The chemical elements are distinguished from each other by the number of protons that are in their atoms. A macroscopic sample of an element contains an incredibly large number of atoms, all of which have identical chemical properties. In fact, we have to go all the way back to Ancient Greece to find its genesis. Though our graphic starts in the 1800s, the idea of atoms was around long before. Therefore, while the Law of Definite Proportions can be used to compare two experiments in which hydrogen and oxygen react to form water, the Law of Definite Proportions can not be used to compare one experiment in which hydrogen and oxygen react to form water, and another experiment in which hydrogen and oxygen react to form hydrogen peroxide (peroxide is another material that can be made from hydrogen and oxygen). This graphic takes a look at the key models proposed for the atom, and how they changed over time. The Law of Definite Proportions applies when elements are reacted together to form the same product. ![]() Law of Definite Proportions states that in a given type of chemical substance, the elements are always combined in the same proportions by mass. scientific theory - a theory that explains scientific observations 'scientific theories must be falsifiable'. Similarly, when 2 grams of A react with 16 grams of B, they must produce 18 grams of C. atomic theory - a theory of the structure of the atom. If 1 gram of A reacts with 8 grams of B, then by the Law of Conservation of Mass, they must produce 9 grams of C. ![]() \): If 1 gram of A reacts with 8 grams of B, then by the Law of Definite Proportions, 2 grams of A must react with 16 grams of B.
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